- The intelligent transformer’s intelligent component technology reflects the degree of intelligence of the intelligent transformer, consisting of various intelligent electronic devices such as collection, measurement, metering, monitoring, and control. Currently, intelligent substations are mainly realized in two forms: one is the renovated intelligent substation, with online monitoring configured near the primary equipment, that is, locally arranged, and most of the protection is placed in the relay room; the other is the newly built intelligent substation, where the online monitoring unit of the transformer and the protection of the transformer body are locally arranged in the transformer intelligent control cabinet. The intelligent transformer is developing towards energy conservation, intelligence, and integration. Measurement becomes digitized locally, control functions are networked, status assessment is visualized, and information interaction is automated, which are the main manifestations of the intelligence of the intelligent transformer. The specific manifestations are as follows: parameters related to operation and control, such as oil level, oil temperature, and tap position, are realized with local digital measurement; on-load tap-changing switches achieve intelligent control based on the substation network; the operation and control status of the intelligent transformer is evaluated based on the information detected by sensors, and the evaluation information is transformed into visual information; the control center and management system achieve coordinated and optimized control for transformer state maintenance and regulation based on the uploaded evaluation information.
- The intelligent transformer has a powerful adaptive control ability, which can adaptively adjust in real time according to the operating conditions and environment, and perform optimized process control. All performance indicators reach excellence. Such as adaptive control of on-load tap-changing, load adaptive control, temperature adaptive control, operation adaptive control, system economic operation adaptive control, automatic compensation adaptive control, and optimized operation adaptive control. The online monitoring of the intelligent transformer has the functions of self-detection and diagnosis, covering two major parts: auxiliary equipment monitoring and body monitoring.
- The monitoring items of the intelligent substation mainly include partial discharge monitoring, dissolved gas in oil monitoring, oil moisture content monitoring, optical fiber temperature measurement of windings, gas accumulation monitoring, bottom oil temperature monitoring of the main oil tank, core grounding current monitoring, intrusion wave monitoring, capacitance bushing capacitance monitoring, bushing dielectric loss factor monitoring, transformer vibration spectrum detection, and transformer acoustic fingerprint monitoring.
- The monitoring of protection function devices, cooler monitoring, and on-load tap-changing switch monitoring are auxiliary equipment monitoring. The intelligent transformer has reliable alarm, protection, communication, and information interaction functions. When a fault occurs in the transformer’s power supply area, it can transmit fault data to the superior management system and display the fault location and type, providing a basis for maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault and arrange maintenance.
- Integrating the transformer body, fuse, switch equipment, intelligent components, electronic on-load tap-changing switch, and corresponding auxiliary equipment into an intelligent combined transformer not only has traditional power transformation functions but also integrates forced air cooling, power metering, computer interface, and other functions. The intelligent combined transformer operates in real-time status.
